Carbon Monoxide

Carbon Monoxide

Although the popularity of carbon monoxide (CO) alarms has been growing in recent years, it cannot be assumed that everyone is familiar with the hazards of carbon monoxide poisoning in the home.

Often called the silent killer, carbon monoxide is an invisible, odorless, colorless gas created when fuels (such as gasoline, wood, coal, natural gas, propane, oil, and methane) burn incompletely. In the home, heating and cooking equipment that burn fuel are potential sources of carbon monoxide. Vehicles or generators running in an attached garage can also produce dangerous levels of carbon monoxide.

Facts & figures

-The dangers of CO exposure depend on a number of variables, including the victim's health and activity level. Infants, pregnant women, and people with physical conditions that limit their body's ability to use oxygen (i.e. emphysema, asthma, heart disease) can be more severely affected by lower concentrations of CO than healthy adults would be.

-A person can be poisoned by a small amount of CO over a longer period of time or by a large amount of CO over a shorter amount of time.
In 2005, U.S. fire departments responded to an estimated 61,100 non-fire CO incidents in which carbon monoxide was found, or an average of seven such calls per hour. The number of incidents increased 18 percent from 51,700 incidents reported in 2003. This increase is most likely due to the increased use of CO detectors, which alert people to the presence of CO.

-In 2005, January and December were the peak months for non-fire carbon monoxide incidents in which CO was found. The peak time of day is between 6:00 p.m. and 9:59 p.m.
Overall, 75% of non-fire CO incidents are reported between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 10:59 p.m. in 2005.

-Almost 9 out of every 10 (89%) reported non-fire CO incidents took place in the home in 2005. In contrast, homes accounted for 75% of the structure fires reported that year.
-In 2003, there were an estimated 60,600 unintentional CO detector activations, in which carbon monoxide was not detected, this includes CO detector malfunctions and false alarms.

-In 2003, 46% of all CO-related non-fire calls reported to fire departments were carbon monoxide incidents, in which carbon monoxide was found. Fifty-four percent of all CO-related non-fire calls reported to fire departments were false alarms, or no CO was found.

Inside the home

-Install CO alarms (labeled by a recognized laboratory) inside your home to provide early warning of accumulating CO.CO alarms should be installed in a central location outside each separate sleeping area. If bedrooms are spaced apart, each area will need a CO alarm.

-Call your local fire department's non-emergency number to find out what number to call if the CO alarm sounds. Post that number by your telephone(s). Make sure everyone in the household knows the difference between the fire emergency and CO emergency numbers (if there is a difference).

-Test CO alarms at least once a month and replace CO alarms according to the manufacturer's instructions.

-CO alarms are not substitutes for smoke alarms. Know the difference between the sound of smoke alarms and CO alarms.

-Have fuel-burning heating equipment (fireplaces, furnaces, water heaters, wood and coal stoves, space or portable heaters) and chimneys inspected by a professional every year before cold weather sets in.

-When purchasing new heating and cooking equipment, select products tested and labeled by a recognized testing laboratory.

-When using a fireplace, open the flue for adequate ventilation.

-Never use your oven to heat your home.
When buying an existing home, have a qualified technician evaluate the integrity of the heating and cooking systems, as well as the sealed spaces between the garage and house.

Outside the home

-If you need to warm a vehicle, remove it from the garage immediately after starting it. Do not run a vehicle, generator, or other fueled engine or motor indoors, even if garage doors are open. Make sure the exhaust pipe of a running vehicle is not covered with snow.

-Generators should be operated in well-ventilated locations outdoors away from all doors, windows and vent openings.

-During and after a snowstorm, make sure vents for the dryer, furnace, stove, and fireplace are clear of snow build-up.

-Only use barbecue grills – which can produce CO – outside. Never use them in the home, garage or near building openings.
-When camping, remember to use battery-powered lights in tents trailers, and motor homes.

-If your CO alarm sounds Immediately move to a fresh air location outdoors or by an open window or door, and call for help. Remain at the fresh air location until emergency personnel say it is ok.
If the audible trouble signal sounds, check for low batteries or other trouble indicators.
Call a qualified technician to determine the source of the CO. Have equipment serviced immediately.

HEREFORD FIRE DEPARTMENT

Serving Hereford Texas and Deaf Smith County Since 1908